Calon SPM bagi mata pelajaran ICT dinasihatkan menggunakan kemudahan yang ada dengan kadarSEGERA sebagai sumber rujukan bagi menghadapai Peperiksaan SPM.
Semoga Berjaya.
LA 6 : INFORMATION SYSTEMS
6.1 Concepts of Information Systems
6.1.1 Definition
6.1.1.1 Give the meaning of data, information and information systems.
6.1.2 Usage of Information Systems In Various Fields
6.1.2.1 State the usage of Information Systems in education, business and management.
6.1.3 Information System Components
6.1.3.1 List the Information System components:
• data • hardware • software • people • procedure
6.1.3.2 Define each of the Information System components.
6.1.3.3 Describe the interrelation between information system components using a diagram.
6.1.4 Types of Information Systems
6.1.4.1 List five types of Information Systems:
• Management Information System (MIS) • Transaction Processing System (TPS)
• Decision Support System (DSS) • Executive Information System (EIS)
• Expert System (ES)/Artificial Intelligence (AI)
6.1.4.2 State the usage of each type of information system.
6.1.5 Hierarchy of Data
6.1.5.1 Define bit, byte, field, record, and file.
6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data:
• Bit → Byte (Character) → Field → Record → File → Database
6.2 Software
6.2.1 Definition
6.2.1.1 Define database and Database Management Systems (DBMS).
6.2.1.2 List the benefits of using database.
6.2.2 Features
6.2.2.2 Define the primary key and foreign key.
6.2.2.3 State the importance of the primary key.
6.2.2.4 Differentiate between the primary key and foreign key.
6.2.2.5 State the importance of relationship between the primary key and foreign key.
6.2.3 Database Objects
6.2.3.1 Define the following database objects/ tools: Table, form, query, report.
6.2.3.2 Identify table, query, form and report as database objects/ tools.
6.2.4 Data Manipulation
6.2.4.1 List the basic operations of data manipulation:
• Update • Insert • Delete • Retrieve • Sort • Filter • Search
6.2.4.2 State the usage of basic operations in data manipulation.
6.3 Database Development
6.3.1 Phases of Systems Development
6.3.1.1 Describe the phases of systems development:
• Analysis • Design • Implementation • Testing • Documentation • Maintenance
6.3.2 Develop A Database Project
6.3.2.1 Identify a project.
6.3.2.2 Identify the project requirements.
6.3.2.3 Classify project requirements into two tables.
6.3.2.4 Design database tables.
6.3.2.5 Create a database.
6.3.2.6 Create two tables that include the primary key in each table.
6.3.2.7 Build a relationship between two tables.
6.3.2.8 Enter data into the table.
6.3.2.9 Create a form that relates to the table content.
6.3.2.10 Create a query to retrieve required information with one or more conditions.
6.3.2.11 Generate a report.
6.3.2.12 Gather all the documents from the above phases into a folio.
6.4 Current and Future Developments
6.4.1 Web-based Application
6.4.1.1 Find out current developments in computer information systems.LA 5 : PROGRAMMING
5.1 Basic Programming Concepts 
.ppt
.ppt5.1.1 Define Program and Programming Language
5.1.1.1 State the definition of program.
5.1.1.2 State the definition of programming language.
5.1.2 Levels and Generations Of Programming Languages
5.1.2.1 Identify the generations of low-level programming languages with examples.
5.1.2.2 Identify the generations of high-level programming languages with examples.
5.1.3 Programming Language Approaches
5.1.3.1 Define structured approach in programming.
5.1.3.2 Define object-oriented approach in programming.
5.1.3.3 Differentiate between structured approach and object-oriented approach in programming.
5.1.4 Translator
5.1.4.1 Describe the translation method of programming using assembler, interpreter and compiler.
5.1.5 Basic Elements In Programming
5.1.5.1 Differentiate between constants and variables.
5.1.5.2 Differentiate between the data types: Boolean, integer, double, string and date.
5.1.5.3 Differentiate between mathematical and logical (Boolean) operators.
5.1.5.4 Differentiate between sequence control structure and selection control structure.
5.2 Program Development
5.2.1 Program Development Phases
5.2.1.1 Describe the five main phases in program development:
• problem analysis • program design • coding
• testing and debugging • documentation
5.2.2 Develop a program
5.2.2.1 Apply program development phases to solve problems.
5.3 Current and Future Developments
5.3.1 Latest Programming Languages
5.3.1.1 Find out the latest programming languages:
• fifth generation language • natural language • OpenGL (Graphic Library)
LA 4 : MULTIMEDIA
4.1 Multimedia Concepts ( .ppt )
4.1.1 Definition of Multimedia
4.1.1.1 Define multimedia.
4.1.2 Multimedia in Various Fields
4.1.2.1 Identify the use of multimedia in various fields.
4.1.3 Interactivity of Multimedia
4.1.3.1 Differentiate between the characteristics of linear and non-linear multimedia.
4.1.4 Medium of Delivery
4.1.4.1 Compare and contrast the mediums of delivery for multimedia applications:
• web-based • CD-based
4.1.5 Multimedia Elements
4.1.5.1 Identify the multimedia elements:
• text • audio • video • graphics • animation
4.2 Hardware and Software ( .ppt )
4.2.1 Hardware
4.2.1.1 Identify hardware that can be used to produce multimedia products:
• scanner • video camera • camera • audio devices • video capture devices
4.2.2 Editing Software
4.2.2.1 Identify editing software that can be used to produce multimedia elements:
• text editor • graphics and image editor • audio editor • video and animation editor
4.2.3 Authoring Tools
4.2.3.1 Define the various concepts in authoring tools:
• time frame concept • icon concept • card concept
4.2.4 Web Editor
4.2.4.1 Describe and give examples of web editors:
• text-based • WYSIWYG
4.3 Multimedia Development ( .ppt )
4.3.1 User Interface Principles
4.3.1.1 State user interface principles.
4.3.1.2 Apply suitable user interface principles in a project.
4.3.2 Development Team
4.3.2.1 State the role of each member in a development team (examples: project manager, subject matter expert, instructional designer, graphics artist, audio-video technician and programmer).
4.3.3 Multimedia Production
4.3.3.1 Describe the phases in multimedia production:
• analysis • design • implementation • testing • evaluation • publishing
4.3.3.2 Apply all the phases of multimedia production to produce an interactive educational multimedia project.
4.4 Current and Future Developments ( .ppt )
4.4.1 Immersive Multimedia
4.4.1.1 Give an example of immersive multimedia in education, business or entertainment.
LA3 : COMPUTER NETWORKS AND COMMUNICATIONS
3.1 Computer Networks and Communications
3.1.1 Definition
3.1.1.1 Define computer networks.
3.1.1.2 Define communications.
3.1.2 Importance of Computer Network
3.1.2.1 State the importance of computer networks and communications.
3.1.3 Types of Networks.
3.1.3.1 Define types of computer networks:
• Local Area Network (LAN) • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Wide Area Network (WAN)
3.1.3.2 Differentiate between the three types of computer networks.
3.1.4 Network Architecture
3.1.4.1 Define two types of network architecture: • Client/Server • Peer-to-Peer
3.1.5 Network Topology
3.1.5.1 State three types of network topologies: • bus • ring • star
3.1.5.2 Differentiate between the three types of network topology.
3.1.6 Protocol
3.1.6.1 Define Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) as a protocol to facilitate communication over computer network.
3.1.7 Internet, Intranet, Extranet
3.1.7.1 Describe the types of network communications technology:
• Internet • Intranet • Extranet
3.2 Hardware Requirements
3.2.1 Devices
3.2.1.1 Identify the devices needed in computer network communication :
• Network Interface Card (NIC) • Wireless Network Interface Card • Modem (internal and external)
• Hub / Switch • Router • Wireless Access Point
3.2.1.2 State the functions of the following:
• Network Interface Card (NIC) • Wireless Network Interface Card • Modem (internal and external)
• Hub / Switch • Router • Wireless Access Point
3.2.2 Medium
3.2.2.1 Identify various types of cables such as Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP), Shielded Twisted Pair (STP), Coaxial and Fibre Optic Cable.
3.3 Software Requirements
3.3.1 Server Software
3.3.1.1 Define Network Operating System.
3.3.1.2 Name various Network Operating System Software.
3.3.2 Client Software
3.3.2.1 State the functions of various client software.
3.4 Setting Network Facilities
3.4.1 Installation of Network Interface Cards (NIC)
3.4.1.1 Insert network interface cards (NIC).
3.4.1.2 Install drivers for the NIC.
3.4.2 Cable Crimping and Testing
3.4.2.1 Crimp and test UTP cable: • Straight cable • Crossed cable
3.4.2.2 Create awareness of the correct way when crimping a cable.
3.4.3 Configuration and Testing of Network
3.4.3.1 Configure the workstation to join a Local Area Network :
• Internet Protocol (IP) Address • Subnet Mask • Server name
3.4.3.2 Test the network connection.
3.4.4 Share Data
3.4.4.1 Create a shared folder.
3.5 Current and Future Developments
3.5.1 Latest Development In Networks and Communications
3.5.1.1 Describe:
• Mobile Computing (specifications, services, frequencies)
• Internet Technology and Services (VOIP, BLOG)
• Types of network (examples: PAN, VPN, WLAN, WIMAX)
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